Portable Ladder Standards
14.27.1.1

(1) Except as otherwise permitted by this Division, portable ladder design, construction and use must meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN3-Z11-M82, "Portable Ladders";

(b) ANSI Standard A
14.1-1990, "Safety Requirements for Portable Wooden Ladders";

(c) ANSI Standard A
14.2-l990, "Safety Requirements for Portable Metal Ladders"; or (

d) other standards acceptable to the safety officer. .

(2) A manufactured portable ladder must be marked for grade and use, and must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

Job Built Ladders
14.27.1.2

A portable ladder made at the job site must meet the following requirements:

(a) 38 mm x 89 mm (2 in x 4 in nominal) for lengths up to 5 m (16 ft), and 38 mm x
140 mm (2 in x 6 in nominal) for lengths from 5 m to 7 m (16 ft to 24 ft);

(b) side rails must not be notched, dapped, tapered or spliced;

(c) the distance between the inner faces of the side rails must not be less than 38 cm (15 in) nor more than 50 cm (20 in);

(d) cleats must be:

(i) 19 mm x 64 mm (I in x 3 in nominal) for ladder lengths up to 5 m (16 ft), and

(ii) 10 mm x 89 mm (I in x 4 in nominal) for ladder lengths from 5 m to 7.3 m (16 ft to 24 ft);

(e) cleats must be:

(i) spaced at 30 cm (12 in) centres, and

(ii) nailed directly onto smaller surfaces of the side rails, using three 57 mm (21/4 in) wire nails on each end of the 89 mm (4 in) cleats, and similar nails on each of the 64 mm (3 in) cleats;

(f) the spaces on the side rails between the cleats must be fIlled with close fitting and well secured fillers that are the same thickness as the cleats;

(g) a double cleat ladder must have 3 rails evenly spaced, and must be 127 cm (42 in to 50 in» wide, and have C6IItinuous cleats which extend the full width of the ladder; and

(h) ladder components made from timber materials must be:

(i) from lumber graded Number 2 or better and species to be limited to Douglas fir-larch, hemlock-fir, spruce-pine-fir, or coast Sitka-spruce, and

(ii) graded to National lumber Grades Authority Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber or other grading rules acceptable to the safety officer .

Protective Coatings
14 .27.1.3 A protective coating applied to a wooden ladder, other than a small amount for identification purposes, must be transparent to allow any defects to be discovered by inspection.

Inspection
14.27.1.4

A portable ladder must be inspected before use, and a ladder with a loose, broken or missing rung, a split side rail, or other hazardous defect must be removed from service.

Inclination and Support
14.27.1.5

When in use, a portable single or extension ladder must:

(a) be placed so the horizontal distance from the base to the vertical plane of support is approximately 1/4 of the ladder length between supports, and

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(b) have the lower ends of the ladder side rails rest on a firm and level base and the upper support of the side rails must be on a bearing surface strong enough to safely withstand the applied loads

Length
14.27.1.6

A ladder must be of sufficient length to project approximately 1 m (3 ft) above the level of the upper landing to which it provides access, unless there is limited clearance and the ladder is adequately secured.

Footing
14.27.1.7

A portable single or extension ladder must be positioned, and if necessary secured, to ensure stability during use.

Use Restrictions
14.27.1.8

(1) An employee must not work from the top 2 rungs of a portable single or extension ladder or the top 2 steps of a step ladder unless permitted by the manufacturer .

(2) A ladder must not be used as a scaffold component, nor as a horizontal walkway, ramp or work platform support unless it is part of a premanufactured or engineered system.

(3) An employee may work from a portable ladder without fall protection provided that:

(a) the work is of a light duty of short duration at each location;

(b) the employee's centre of gravity is maintained between the ladder rails;

(c) the employee will generally have one hand available to hold on to the ladder or other support; and

(d) the ladder is not be positioned near an edge or floor opening that would significantly increase the potential fall distance.

Single Ladders
14.27.1.9

The length of a single ladder must not exceed the requirements of Table 14.36

7.3

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Extension ladders
14.27.1.10

The length of an extension ladder must not exceed the requirements of Table 14.37

Minimum Overlap
14.27.1.11

The sections of an extension ladder extended:

(a) up to 11 m (36 ft) must overlap at least 1 m (39 in);

(b) over 11 m (36 ft) and up to 15 m (48 ft) must overlap at least 1.2 m (4 ft); and

(c) over 15 m (48 ft) and up to 22 m (72 ft) must overlap at least 1.5 m (5 ft).

Fixed Ladders
14.27.1.12

(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), a fixed ladder must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard AI4.3-1992, " American Standard for Ladders-Fixed-Safety Requirements", or other standard acceptable to the safety officer .

(2) A fixed ladder existing on or before July 01, 1978, and not conforming to the current or earlier edition of ANSI Standard AI4.3-1992, or other standard acceptable to the safety officer, may remain in service subject to modifications as may be necessary following inspection by a safety officer safety officer .

(3) A continuous space of at least 18 cm (7 in) must be provided behind the rungs of a fixed ladder . Ladder rungs must be omitted above the landing and the side rails must extend at least 107 cm (42 in) above the landing.

(4) Ladder rungs must be omitted above the landing and the side rails must extend at least 107 cm (42 in) above the landing.

Special Purpose Ladders
14.27.1.13

A special purpose ladder such as an escape ladder or rolling stock ladders must be engineered or constructed to a standard acceptable to the safety officer .

Carrying Restrictions
14.27.1.

Heavy or bulky objects which may make ascent or descent unsafe must not be carried by an employee using a ladder .

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In this subdivision:

"building tie" means a connection between a standing scaffold and a permanent structure; "heavy duty" means intended to support both employees and stored or stacked materials;

"light duty" means intended to support employees, their personal hand tools and material for immediate use only; and

"work platform " means an elevated temporary work platform.

Responsibilities
14.27.2.1

(1) Railways must ensure that scaffolds used by their employees are in safe working condition. regardless of who erected the scaffolds.

(2) A scaffold must be erected. altered and dismantled by. or under the supervision of. qualified employees.

(3) A scaffold must be inspected daily before use and after any modification.

(4) A damaged scaffold must not be used until it has been effectively repaired.

Standards
14.27.2.2

Unless otherwise permitted by this subdivision, a scaffold must meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN/CSA269.2-M78, " Access Scaffolding for Construction Purposes";

(b) ANSI Standard A10.8-1988, American National Standard for Construction and Demolition Operations -- Scaffolding -- Safety Requirements,

(c) ANSI Standard A14.7-1991, Safety Requirements for Mobile Ladder Stands and Mobile Ladder Stand Platforms,

(d) CSA Standard CAN3-Z271-M84, Safety Code for Suspended Powered Platforms,

(e) other standard acceptable to the safety officer, or

(f) the written requirements of a professional engineer.

Manufactured Components
14.27.2.3

(1) Each major component of a manufactured scaffolding must be clearly marked to identify the manufacturer .

(2) A copy of the manufacturer's technical data for the scaffold components in use, showing components weights, erection procedures and compliance with applicable standard must be available to the workplace for reference.

(3) If the manufacturer of a major scaffold equipment cannot be identified or the manufacturer's technical data for the component is not available, the component may only be used in accordance with written instructions from a professional engineer .

Lumber for Structural Components
14.27.2.4

(1) Unless otherwise specified in this subdivision, lumber used to construct scaffolding must be graded Number 2 or better Douglas-flf , hemlock-fir, spruce-pine or coast Sitka-spruce.

(2) All lumber must be graded and marked to the national Lumber Grades Authority Standard Grading Rules for Canadian Lumber or rules acceptable to the safety officer .

Scaffold Stability
14.27.2.5

(1) A scaffold must be erected with vertical members plumb and ledgers and bearings level.

(2) The lower end of the vertical support of a scaffold must be supported by firm and adequate sized foundations or sills.

(3) The poles. legs and uprights of a scaffold must be securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement.

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(4) If a scaffold is enclosed by a tarp or other cover for protection against climatic conditions or other safety reason, bracing for the scaffold must be installed in accordance with the instructions of a professional engineer to meet design criteria for wind or other weather induced loads that may be imposed.

(5) The use and loading of a scaffold, including the number of persons permitted on the scaffold, must not be exceed the specifications of the manufacturer or a professional engineer .

Guardrails and Toeboards
14.27.2.6

(1) Except as provided by subsection (2) and (3), a work platform 3 m (10 ft) or more above grade or floor level must have guard rails, meeting the requirements of Division 2 of this Part, on all open sides and ends.

(2) A work platform 3 m (10 it) or more above grade level or floor level on a system or fabricated scaffold must have guardrails meeting the requirements of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-S269-M78, " Access Scaffolding for Construction purposes" , or other standard acceptable to the safety officer.

(3) If an edge of the work platform is adjacent to a structure that provides equivalent protection to guardrails, then guardrails may be omitted on that edge and there may be an open space between the work platform and the structure of up to 30 cm (12 in).

(4) Toeboards must be provided as required by Division 2 of this Part.

Grounding
14.27.2.7

A metal scaffold located in proximity to a high voltage energized electrical conductors or equipment must be effectively grounded if a hazardous level of electrical charge is likely to be induced in the scaffold.

Prohibition
14.27.2.8

The use of a shore or lean-to scaffold is prohibited.

Lumber Planks
14.27.2.9

(1) Except as provided elsewhere in this subdivision, solid wood scaffold planks used as work platforms must be cut from Douglas fir-hemlock, hemlock-fir, spruce-fir-pine or coast Sitka- spruce species, and

(a) for a maximum span of 3 m (10 ft), must be;

(i) graded "Select Structural-Scaffold Plank" not less than 38 m x 235 mm (2 in x 10 in nominal);

(ii) graded "Select Structural-Joists and Planks" not less than 38 mm x 235 mm (2 in x 10 in nominal);

(iii) graded "No 2 and Better-Joists and Planks" not less than 48 mm x 151 mm (2 in x 10 in rough sawn);

(iv) graded "No 2 and Better-Joists and Planks" not less than 38 mm x 235 mm (2 in 10 in nominal), provided the planks are doubled (one on top of the other); or

(b) for a maximum span of 1.8 m (6 ft) and light duty work only, must be graded "No 2 and Better-Joists and Planks" not less than 38 mm x 235 mm (2 in x 10 in nominal).

(2) Any lumber graded in accordance with the requirements of (1) (a), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (b) must be hand picked for nominal knots and straight grain to ensure that it is suitable for use as a scaffold plank.

(3) Each lumber scaffold plank must:

(a) be visually inspected for defects before each installation and not used if found to be defected; (b) except as noted in paragraph (1)

(b), be supported at intervals not exceeding 3 m (10 ft) for light duty work activity and 2.1 m (7 ft) for heavy duty activity;

(c) have its ends extended not less than 15 cm (6 in) and not more than 30 cm (12 in) beyond the

supporting member, and

(d) for light duty activity, support no more than one employee unless it is connected to the adjoining plank. "

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(4) A work platform must:

(a) consist of lumber or manufactured scaffold planks place side by side to provide a work surface with a minimum nominal width of 50 cm (20 in), except that a nominal 30 cm (12 in) wide work platform is acceptable for use with ladder jacks, and

(b) as far as possible, completely cover the area between front and rear vertical supports or the rear guard rail, and in no case leave more than one opening in the work platform area, and the opening must be no greater than 25 cm (10 in) in width.

Manufactured Planks
14.27.2.10

(1) A manufactured scaffold plank must meet the requirements of section
14.27.2.2, and must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and limitations, except as provided in subsection (2).

(2) A single manufactured extension staging ("Painter's Plank") may be used provided it supports only one employee.

(3) A scaffold plank manufactured at the job site must be to a design certified by a professional engineer to meet the requirements of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-S269.2 M87, " Access Scaffolding for Construction Purposes", and a copy of the design must be available on site.

Securing Planks
14.27.2.11

Each lumber and manufactured plank installation for use must be secured against dislodgement.

Sloping Platforms
14.27.2.12

A work platform which slopes from one end to the other must be:

(a) sloped not more than 1 vertical to S horizontal, and

(b) fitted with cleats on its upper surface. at not more than 40 cm (16 in) intervals or other equally effective measures must be used to ensure adequate footing for workers using the platform.

Access to Scaffolds
14.27.2.13

Access to otherwise inaccessible working levels of a scaffold up to 9 m (30 ft) above a floor or grade must be provided by

(a) end frames providing a ladder-like structure having horizontal members uniformly spaced at approximately 30 cm (12 in) on centre, or

(b) a vertical or portable ladder, or stairway, attached to the scaffold.

(2) Access to otherwise inaccessible working levels of a scaffold over 9 m (30 ft) above a floor or grade must be provided by

(a) a stairway erected for the full height of the scaffold,

(b) a temporary passenger hoist approved for use under the Elevating Devices Safety Act,

(c) an attached vertical ladder, with rest platforms at least every 9 m (30 ft) which are fully guarded except at the ladder location, or

(d) end frames with a ladder-like structure having horizontal members uniformly spaced at 30 cm (12 in) on centre, and rest platforms at least every 9 m (30 ft) which are fully guarded except at the ladder location.

(3) An employee must not climb the outside of scaffold frames between landings.

Vertical Ladders
14.27.2.14

(1) A vertical ladder providing access to working levels of a scaffold must:

(a) be adequately fastened to the scaffold;

(b) be configured so that its side rails extend approximately 1 m (3 ft) above the uppermost working level;

(c) have rungs spaced at 30 cm (12 in) on centre; and

(d) have a clear space of at least 15 cm (12 in) behind each rung.

(2) A ladder attached to a scaffold must be positioned so that its use will not cause the scaffold to become unstable.

Erection and Dismantling
14.27.2.15

During the erection and dismantling of a scaffold, the requirements of Division 11 of this Part must be met.

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Spacing of components
14.27.3.1

The horizontal spacing between uprights , guardrail posts and bearers in a wood scaffold must not exceed: ~

(a) 3 m (10 ft) for a light scaffold, and

(b) 2 m (7 ft) for a heavy duty scaffold.

Bracing of Uprights
14.27.3.2

Adjacent uprights must be connected with horizontal runners (ledgers and bearers) to ensure that the unbraced vertical length of an upright does not exceed 2.4 m (8 ft).

Cross Bracing
14.27.3.3

A scaffold must be adequately supported in two directions by a system of diagonal cross braces secured to the upright as close to the ledgers as possible.

Single Pole Components .
14.27.3.4

Components of a light duty single pole wood scaffold must have a minimum nominal dimensions conforming to Table 14.38 and grade and species in accordance with section 14.27.2.4.

Double Pole Components
14.27.3.5

Components of a double pole wood scaffold must have minimum nominal dimensions conforming to Table
14.39 and grade and species in accordance with section
14.27.2.4.

I. In tables 14.38 and 14.39 dimensions are in nominal sizes for surfaced dry lumber and have dimensions in millimetres as follows: 2 x 4 is 38 mm x 89 mm, 4 x 4 is 89 mm x 89 mm, 4 x 6 is 89 mm x 140 mm, I x 6 is 19 mm x 140 mm, 2 x 6 is 38 x 140 mm and 2 x 10 is 38 mm x 235 mm.

Extension or Uprights
14.27.3.6

(1) A wood upright may only be extended using a butt joint, strengthened by two wooden splice plates not less than 1.2 m (4 ft).

(2) The splice plates for wood uprights must have a minimum thickness of 38 mm (2 in nominal) and must have the same width as the splicer member .

(3) The combined cross-sectional area of the splice plates must be at least that of the vertical upright member.

Laminated Uprights
14.27.3.7

When wood uprights are fabricated by lamination of two or more pieces of material to obtain the required cross-sectional dimensions, the distance between joints must be at least 1.2 m (4 ft).

Bearer Supports
14.27.3.8

(1) The inner ends of bearers on single-pole scaffolds must be supported by bearer blocks, and securely fastened to wall scabs.

(2) Manufactured bearer supports must be of a design acceptable to the board, and be secured to solid wall materials.

(3) Bearer hooks which engage holes in the wall sheathing must be adequately supported by stiffeners secured to wood studs or blocking.

In this subdivision:

"end frame scaffold" means a system of fabricated tubular metal frames (panels) that are connected in the field with bracing members;

14 - 245

"system scaffold" means a scaffold consisting of posts with fixed connection points which accept runners, bearers and diagonal braces that can be interconnected at predetermined levels;

"tower scaffold" means a double pole scaffold comprised of only one bay;

"tube and coupler scaffold" means an assembly of tubing members, posts, bearers, runners, diagonal braces,(ties), a base supporting posts, and special couplers to connect the uprights and join the various members; and

"tube and metal scaffold" means a scaffold with members primarily of steel or aluminum tubing.

Manufacturer's Specifications
14.27.4.1

Except as provided in section 14.27.4.2, a tubular metal scaffold must:

(a) be erected in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and specifications, including bracing in both vertical and horizontal planes;

(b) have all components installed and connected using the fasteners specified by the manufacturer, or equivalent; and

(c) be maintained in a condition which meets the manufacturer's specifications. ..,.,

Compatibility
14.27.4.2

If a scaffold is erected using components made by different manufacturers, the railway must ensure the components are compatible.

Engineering Requirements
14.27.4.3

A scaffold must be erected and used in accordance with written instructions of a professional engineer if the scaffold:

(a) is used to support a temporary floor;

(b) is subject to loads which can cause overturning; or

(c) is suspended from a structure.

Spacing
14.27.4.4

Spacing between frames or uprights must not exceed the maximum allowable span for work platform components and for the intended loading.

Couplings
14.27.4.5

(1) Vertical frames and uprights must be joined using coupling or stacking pins to ensure proper vertical alignment.

(2) If uplift could occur and cause components to separate, height adjusting screws, casters, coupling pins and uprights must be secured to prevent separation of components .

Carrier Vehicles
14.27.4.6

(1) A scaffold may only be mounted on a carrier vehicle which has levelling jacks or other means to maintain the chassis in a level and stable condition.

(2) A work platform mounted on a vehicle must be securely attached to the vehicle, and the carrier vehicle immobilized against inadvertent movement before a worker goes on the platform.

Height Restrictions
14.27.5.1

The height of any free-standing tower or rolling scaffold must not exceed 3 times its minimum base dimensions.

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Use of Outriggers
14.27.5.2

(1) If outriggers are used to increase the minimum base dimensions of a tower or rolling scaffold, they must be installed on both sides of the scaffold, unless otherwise permitted by subsection (2)

(2) If outriggers are used to increase the minimum base dimensions of a tower or rolling scaffold erected adjacent to a building, other structure or equipment, the scaffold must be braced against the structure or equipment and outriggers used on the opposite side .

(1) The wheels on at least one end of a rolling scaffold must be of the swivel type.

(2) The wheels of a rolling scaffold must be not less than 13 cm (5 in) in diameter, and must be secured in the scaffold leg to prevent the wheel from inadvertently falling out while the scaffold is being erected, used or dismantled.

(3) Height adjusting screws for casters of a rolling scaffold must not extend more than 2/3 of their total length or 30 cm (12 in), which ever is less. "

(4) The wheels of a rolling scaffold must have effective brakes or locking devices which must be. applied when employees are working on the scaffold at a height exceeding 11/2 times the minimum base dimension or under conditions that could cause inadvertent movement of the scaffold.

(5) A rolling scaffold mounted on pneumatic tires must not be supported only on the pneumatic tires while the scaffold is being erected or dismantled, or when an employee is on it.

Securing Decking
14.27.5.4

Scaffold planks or decking used as a work platform on a tower or rolling scaffold must have means to keep the planks on the bearers.

Moving Restrictions
14.27.5.5

(1) If the platform height exceeds II/2 times the minimum base dimension of a rolling scaffold, an employee on the work platform must not move the scaffold.

(2) If the platform height exceeds 2 times the minimum base dimension of a rolling scaffold, an employee must not remain on the scaffold while it is being moved.

Surface Condition
14.27.5.6

The floor or surface over which an occupied rolling scaffold is moved must be sufficiently flm1, within 3° of level, and free from pits, holes, depressions or obstructions so as to ensure stability of the scaffold.

Definitions

"aerial ladder" means a vehicle mounted aerial device with a single or multiple-section ladder with or without a platform at the top;

"boom supported elevating work platform " means a work platform or aerial device which has its platform supported by an elevating device that elevates and rotates relative to the machine base;

"elevating work platform " means a work platform or aerial device which self elevates to overhead work locations and includes other similar devices not covered elsewhere in this Part;

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"order picker" means a high lift truck controlled by the operator stationed on a platform movable and capable of self loading and/or tiering; and

"self-propelled" means the capability of an elevating work platform to be power propelled with primary controls on the work platform.

Standards
14.27.6.1

(1) A self-propelled work platform comprising a boom-supported elevating platform, which either telescopes, articulates, rotates or extends beyond the base dimensions, and is not mounted on a separate self -propelled vehicle must meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN3-B354.4-M82, "Boom Type Elevating Work Platforms";

(b) ANSI Standard ANSI/SIA A92.5-1992, "Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platforms", or (c) other standard acceptable to the safety officer.

(2) A self-propelled integral chassis elevating work platform, that C"annot be position laterally completely beyond the base and for which primary functions are controlled from the platform, must meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN3-B354.2-M82, "Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms for Use on Paved/Slab Surfaces" ; .

(b) CSA Standard CAN3-B354.3-M82, "Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms for Use as "Off-Slab" Units;;..

(c) ANSI Standard ANSI/SIA A92.6-1990, " American National Standard for Self-Propelled Elevating Work Platforms " ; or

(d) other standard acceptable to the safety officer .

(3) A manually propelled, integral chassis elevating work platform having a platform that cannot be positioned laterally completely beyond the base, which may be adjusted by manual or powered means and which must be occupied when moved horizontally, must meet the requirements of:

(a) CSA Standard CAN3-B354.1-M82, "Elevating Rolling Work Platforms";

(b) ANSI Standard ANSI/SIA A92.3-1990, " American Standard for Manually Propelled Elevating Aerial Platforms " , or

(c) other standard acceptable to the safety officer .

(4) A telescoping aeria1 device, aerial ladder , articulating aerial device, vertical tower, material- lifting aerial device or any combination of these, when vehicle-mounted, whether powered or manually-operated, must meet the requirements of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C225-M88, " Vehicle Mounted Aerial Devices" , or other standard acceptable to the safety officer .

(5) A vehicle-mounted bridge inspection and maintenance elevating work platform must meet the requirements of ANSI Standard ANSI/CSA A92.8-1993, " American Standard for Vehicle- Mounted Bridge Inspection and Maintenance Devices" or other standard acceptable to the safety officer.

(6) An elevating work platform of a type not listed above must meet a standard acceptable to the safety officer

Operating And Maintenance Manuals
14.27.6.2

(1) For each elevating work platform in use at a workplace the equipment manufacturer's

(a) operation manual, must be available at the workplace, and

(b) maintenance manual, containing maintenance instructions and replacement part information, must be reasonably available to the workplace.

(2) If either of the manuals required by subsection (1) is not available, the equipment must not be used until the manual is obtained, or until written instructions for the safe operation and maintenance of the equipment are supplied by a professional engineer.

Inspection and Maintenance Records
14.27.6.3

Records of inspection, maintenance, repair or modification meeting the requirements of Division 2 of this Part must be kept for each elevating work platform by the equipment operator and other persons inspecting and maintaining the equipment.

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Records Not Available
14.27.6.4

If the inspection and maintenance records required by section 14.27.6.3 are not available, an elevating work platform must be inspected and certified by a professional engineer before use, and an inspection and maintenance recording system must be established as required by Division 2 of this Part.

Inspection on Each Shift
14.27.6.5

An elevating work platform must be inspected by the operator before each shift, and any condition the might endanger employees must be remedied before the machine is used.

Annual Inspection and Certification
14.27.6.6

(1) Each elevating work platform must be inspected and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and good engineering practice.

(2) Each vehicle-mounted aerial device and self-propelled boom-supported elevating work platform must be inspected in accordance with good engineering practice at least every 12 months and certified by the equipment manufacturer or a professional engineer as complying with this subdivision and safe for continued use.

(3) An insulated aerial device must be dielectrically tested at least annually in accordance with CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C225-M88, "Vehicle-Mounted Aerial Devices" or other standard acceptable to the safety officer .

(4) An insulated aerial device which has not passed the testing method required by subsection (3) must be considered noninsulated and any markings or identification on the device indicating insulated capability must be removed or effectively covered over and the user informed of the noninsulated status of the device.

Repairs and Modification
14.27.6.7

(1) Any defect that affects the safe operation of an elevating work platform must be remedied before the equipment is used.

(2) A replacement part used to repair an elevating work platform must be of a type approved by the equipment manufacturer or certified by a professional engineer .

(3) A weld or other repair to a load bearing component must be approved by the equipment manufacturer or certified by a professional engineer .

(4) Any repair or maintenance on an elevating work platform must be done by qualified persons with specific knowledge of the equipment involved.

(5) Modification of an elevating work platform must be authorized and approved by the original equipment manufacturer or be certified by a professional engineer.

(6) Each modification must be recorded in the equipment manuals, and operation and maintenance instructions for the equipment must be adjusted as necessary and in accordance with the manufacturer's or engineer's instructions.

Perimeter Protection
14.27.6.8

(1) An elevating work platform must have guardrails or equivalent perimeter protection on all sides,

meeting the requirements of the standards to which the device was manufactured, or having perimeter guardrails meeting the requirements of Division 2 of this Part.

(2) Flexible material such as rope or chain may only be used as part of the perimeter protection on an elevating work platform as an intermediate rail at an access point not more than 75 cm (30 in) wide.

(3) Toeboards may be omitted at an access opening of an elevating work platform.

(4) Guardrails not less than 70 cm (28 in) high are permitted on the work platform of an electric catenary line maintenance vehicle.

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Fall Protection
14.27.6.9

(1) Each person on an elevating work platform must wear a personal fall arrest system secured to a suitable and substantial anchorage point.

(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to an employee on a scissor lift or elevating work platform with similar characteristics, operating on a firm, substantially level surface with all manufacturer's guardrails and chains in place.

(3) An employee on a ladder of an aerial ladder must be continuously protected by means of a personal fall arrest system required by Division 11 of this Part, or must maintain 3 points of contact with the ladder at all times.

Safe Access
14.27.6.10

Safe means must be provided to get on and off the platform-of an elevating work platform.

Rated Capacity
14.27.6.11

The rated capacity of an elevating work platform must be marked on the platform and must not be exceeded.

Outriggers
14.27.6.12

(1) Outriggers on a an elevating work platform must be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions . (2) If an elevating work platform has outriggers, notices indicating the circumstances specified by the manufacturer for which the outriggers are to be used must be clearly displayed at the operating controls for the platform.

Controls
14.27.6.13

(1) Each control on an elevating work platform must be clearly identified to indicate its function.

(2) Controls on an elevating work platform must be "hold-to-run" (continuous pressure) type and must return to the neutral or stop position when released.

(3) Controls on an elevating work platform must be protected against inadvertent operation.

(4) Each set of operating controls of an elevating work platform must be provided with an emergency stop device.

(5) The emergency stop device on an elevating work platform must be within easy reach of the operator, and must be clearly labelled "STOP" and be red in colour .

(6) Each elevating work platform must have a clearly marked overriding lowering control which, in an emergency will enable an employee at the lower controls to stop and lower the platform.

Immobilization Of Vehicles
14.27.6.14

(1) The carrier vehicle of an elevating work platform must be secured against inadvertent movement before workers occupy the platform.

(2) If it is permitted by the elevating work platform manufacturer to elevate the work platform while working on sloping ground, the vehicle's wheels must be secured according to the manufacturer's instructions or, in the absence of such instructions, the wheels must be chocked.

(3) An elevating work platform must have a braking system meeting the requirements of Division 22 of this Part.

Interlocks
14.27.6.15

Every safeguard and interlock provided by the manufacturer of an elevating work platform must be functional while the elevating platform is in use.

Guarding for Shear Hazards
14.27.6.16 An elevating work platform lifting mechanism which creates a shear hazard to employees must be adequately guarded or identified with signs , decals or similar markings warning of this danger .

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Warning Devices
14.27.6.17

An elevating work platform, except a vehicle-mounted aerial device meeting the requirements of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-C255-M88, "Vehicle Mounted Aerial Devices" must have a warning system consisting of an intermittent horn or flashing light which is automatically activated during any motion of the work platform.

Level Indicating Devices
14.27 :6.18 -

(1) An elevating work platform must have a level indicator that shows the tilt angle of the turntable or centre of rotation with the equipment in any permitted operating position.

(2) The indicator required by subsection

(1) must allow the operator to determine when the equipment exceeds 5° out of level.

(3) A self-propelIed boom-supported elevating work platform must have a tilt alarm or other suitable warning device which, activates automatically when the platform is elevated and the carrier is off level by more than the manufacturer's specified tilt limit, or SO , whichever is less.

Transporting Employees
14.27.6.19

(1) An employee must not be transported on an elevating work platform, but an employee may remain on an elevating work platform while minor adjustments are made.

(2) An elevating work platform designed to be moved with the platform elevated is exempt from the travel restrictions in subsection (1) when used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions

Restricted Use
14.27.7.1

A work platform supported by the forks of a forklift truck may only be used to support employees if other conventional means of access for the task are not practicable.

Platform Specifications
14.27.7.2

A work platform mounted on the forks of a fork lift truck must conform to a standard acceptable to the safety officer, and be:

(a) securely attached to the lifting carriage or forks;

(b) provided with perimeter guardrails meeting the requirements of Division 2 of this Part;

(c) equipped with guarding to prevent occupants from contacting any hazardous parts of the lifting machinery, and (d) clearly marked with the rated load of the platform.

Operating Procedures
14.27.7.3

If a worker is elevated on a work platform supported by a lift truck

(a) the lift truck operator must remain at the controls for the lift truck,

(b) the lift truck mast must be vertical;

(c) the lift truck must not be moved except for minor adjustments necessary to facilitate positioning of the platform; and

(d) each platform must use a personal fall protection system as required by Division 11 of this Part, if any portion of the guardrail system is removed.

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